The interstellar medium (ism) is, as you say, the gas (and dust) in between the stars, within a galaxy. Surely we know something about the physics of radio signals in a vacuum and can surmise the effects of interstellar space on signal degradation. It consists of molecular, neutral and ionized gas, with densities ranging from $\sim.
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The difference in density is huge, with interstellar medium density at an average of $\rho ∼ 1\ ppcm$ (one proton per cubic centimeter), but the density of these whim being even a few orders of.
Is gas/dust an analog for hot/cold, or does the phase diagram of the element in question matter too?
I understand that 1i/ʻoumuamua and the other two bodies (2i/borisov and 3i/atlas) are classified as interstellar objects based on their distance from the sun and their speed. In the interstellar medium, there are several different diffuse phases of gas, distinguished by their density and temperature. The interstellar medium is a multiphase medium, and you can find (some references in this lecture and in this thesis manuscript (this one is in french, but numbers are international)): Maybe the author didn't provide enough information to.
In general in movies, in order to have stunning visuals, celestial ob. The interstellar medium can be very hot precisely because it is a gas (gases are a bit weird), and because it is extremely tenuous (extremely tenuous gases are beyond weird). I assume everybody is tired of reading questions derived from the movie interstellar, i will try to keep this short and simple: The temperature of interstellar medium seems to range mostly between 10 and 10 000 kelvin.
